LONDON – British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak is facing calls from Conservative lawmakers to adopt an immigration cap, as he comes under pressure to move his party further to the right after it was routed in local elections earlier in May.

While internal critics of Mr Sunak decided against trying to replace him, prominent party members renewed their attacks on the leader after the Conservatives lost almost half the local council seats they were defending.

Mr Keir Starmer’s resurgent Labour Party also won 10 out of 11 mayoralties up for grabs, increasing its vote share in London and toppling the popular Tory mayor Andy Street in the West Midlands by just 1,500 votes.

Now, Mr Sunak is facing calls to consider policies including an immigration cap and a withdrawal from the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), even though the Prime Minister has urged the party to “stick to the plan” ahead of a general election expected in the second half of 2024.

Although many of its seats were captured by Labour and other left-leaning parties such as the Liberal Democrats and the Greens, some Conservatives worry the populist Reform UK founded by Brexit campaigner Nigel Farage poses a bigger threat. 

Former home secretary Suella Braverman said during an interview with the BBC that she regretted backing Mr Sunak to become prime minister in 2022, although she stopped short of calling for a new leader.

She criticised the government’s failure to make a “bold offer” of tax cuts to voters and said Mr Sunak needs to put a cap on legal European migration and pull Britain out of the ECHR.

“The plan is not working, and I despair at these terrible results,” said Mrs Braverman, who is among several past and present Sunak Cabinet officials mentioned as possible successors.  

Former immigration minister Robert Jenrick is set to publish a pamphlet in May urging more action to bring down migration before the election, according to a person familiar with his plans.

Ms Andrea Jenkyns, a Tory MP and former minister who submitted a letter of no-confidence against Mr Sunak in November, separately exhorted the Prime Minister to take a “really strong” stance on illegal immigration and push ahead with plans to deport migrants to Rwanda. 

“He’s staring down the barrel of a gun,” she said on Sky News. “We’ve got to actually start delivering true conservative values.” 

Mr Sunak’s team said he would attempt to fight back with a series of media appearances and policy announcements in the days ahead, focusing on the economy, migration and healthcare. Tory officials said they would seek to argue in the election campaign that there was a risk of a Labour coalition government with the Scottish National Party, Liberal Democrats or Greens if Mr Starmer’s party failed to secure a majority.

“These were disappointing results, but the point is what they demonstrate from that scenario is that Labour is not on course for that majority, Keir Starmer hasn’t sealed the deal with the public,” Transport Minister Mark Harper told Sky News, speaking for the government. 

Allies of the Prime Minister are embracing an analysis by local elections expert Michael Thrasher that projects Labour’s advantage in the national vote at just 7 percentage points, well short of what the party expects to need to win an outright majority. But some polling experts caution against drawing firm conclusions about what local elections mean for general elections, due to differing match-ups with independent parties and tactical decisions by voters.

Mr Sunak on May 5 conceded that the Conservatives were on course to lose their majority, but warned that a Starmer premiership that is propped up by other parties would be a “disaster” for Britain. 

“The country doesn’t need more political horse-trading, but action,” Mr Sunak told The Times newspaper. “We are the only party that has a plan to deliver on the priorities of the people.”

The Prime Minister has some breathing room after internal critics called off a planned effort to depose him after votes in early May.

While the Tories lost 473 seats, they avoided a wipe-out, after Mr Ben Houchen, the popular mayor of Tees Valley, held his seat and the Labour opposition was denied victory in the crucial London suburb of Harlow in Essex. 

The calls to move further to the right are familiar to Mr Sunak, who has lurched between populist and centrist rhetoric as his government rolls from crisis to crisis. After a failed rebellion against his Rwanda policy, which some harder-line Tories deemed too weak, he turned his focus back to the economy and tax cuts, arguing that the Conservatives’ fortunes would improve as election day neared. 

In the run-up to early May’s elections, Mr Sunak pledged to hold the first deportation flights to Rwanda by July and vowed to increase defence spending to 2.5 per cent of gross domestic product by 2030 – policies aimed at fending off potential leadership rivals.

Through it all, support for the Conservatives has only declined, with voters seeking change after 14 years of Tory rule.

Still, some Conservatives argue that the party faces a more secure future by seeking the middle ground. They point to London Mayor Sadiq Khan’s decisive victory over Ms Susan Hall, who had expressed support for former US president Donald Trump and ran a populist campaign focused on crime and opposition to the city’s low-emissions zone.

Mr Street, the Tories’ defeated mayoral candidate in the West Midlands, told Sky News that he only came so close to winning re-election because his campaign presented a “moderate, inclusive and tolerant” message.

“That is what the Conservative Party should concentrate on, not the personality politics,” he said. BLOOMBERG